The CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling axis plays an important role in tumor progression and metastasis, but also in treatment-induced recruitment of CXCR4-expressing cytotoxic immune cells.
The CXCL12-CXCR4 signaling axis plays a key role in cancer metastasis and is a potential target for developing novel therapeutics against metastatic cancer.
It has been recently identified that the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis plays a pivotal role in breast cancer metastasis, especially in directing metastatic cancer cells to CXCL12-riched organs and tissues.
The CXCR4/CXCL12 axis plays a crucial role in cancer metastasis, and the blocking of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis is an effective way of inhibiting cancer metastasis.
Cells transfected with shHOTAIR or miR-126 mimic were subjected to western blot to investigate the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling in HOTAIR mediated proliferation and metastasis.
However, little is known about the potential downstream signals of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis that contribute to ovarian cancer cell invasion and metastasis.
CONCLUSIONS The expressions of serum CX3CL1, CXCL-12, and CCL20 are increased markedly in the patients, which may promote the occurrence, development and metastasis of esophageal cancer.
SIGNIFICANCE: An anti-semaphorin-4D vascular targeting agent demonstrates antitumor and prosurvival effects but also unravels a novel promalignant effect involving macrophage-derived SDF1 that promotes tumor invasion and metastasis, both in animal models and patients.<b>Graphical Abstract:</b> http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/79/20/5328/F1.large.jpg.<i>See related commentary by Tamagnone and Franzolin, p. 5146</i>.
CXCL12-CXCR4 and CXCL16-CXCR6 may be important signaling pathways closely involved in peritoneal metastasis of ovarian cancer that require further investigation.
CXCR4 and its cognate ligand CXCL12 has been linked to various pathways such as cancer metastasis, inflammation, HIV-1 proliferation, and auto-immune diseases.
Further study indicated that CXCL12 expression was positively correlated innate inflammation pathways such as NFκB and negatively correlated with metastasis, while EPHB3 had a reverse result.
Additionally, we found that CAFs could secrete stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) and promote CRC cell metastasis in distant organs via the SDF-1/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) axis.
The expression of macrophage markers (CD163, CCL2/CCR2, CSF1/CSFR1, CXCR4/CXCL12), protumorigenic toll-like receptor pathway genes (CD14/TLR-1,-2,-4,-5,-6/MyD88), HLA-E, ecto-nuclease CD73/NT5E and inhibitory complement receptors (CD-59,-55,-46) remained high in metastases and represent potential therapeutic targets.